Великолепный обмен: история мировой торговли - Страница 114

Mark Wheelis. «Biological warfare at the 1346 Siege of Kaffa». Emerg. Infect. Dis. [serial online] September 2002 [accsessed Decem ber 15, 2005]: 8. Available from URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/ EID/vol8no9/01 -0536.htm

Horrox. Р. 36.

Ibid. P. 39.

Allan Evans. Review of Genova marinara nel duecento: Bene detto Zaccaria, ammirglio e mercante. Speculum 11, no. 3 (July 1936). P. 417.

Марк Уилис, неопубликованный материал.

McNeill. P. 179, 182.

Horrox. P. 20.

Ibid. P. 9-13.

Ibid. P. 209-210.

Ibid. P. 13-18.

Frederic С Lane. Venice: A Maritime Republic (Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1973) P. 19; B. Z. Kedar. Merchants in Crisis (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976) P. 5.

Dols. P. 58-59.

Horrox. P. 18.

Ibid. P. 25. Сведения о численности населения см.: Daron Ace-moglu et al. «Reversal of Fortune: Geography and Institutions and the Making of the Modern World Income Distribution». Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117 (November 2002). P. 1231-1294.

Dols. P. 60.

Ibid. P. 65.

Ibid. P. 57.

David Neustadt (Ayalon), «The Plague and its Effects upon the Mamluk Army». Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (1946). P. 67-73.

Dols. P. 188.

Abu-Lughod. P. 236-239; Dols. P. 197, 265.

McNeill. Р. 130.

Ibn Khaldun, trans. Franz Rosenthal. The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History (New York: Pantheon, 1958) P. 64.

Robert В. Serjeant. The Portuguese off the South Arabian Coast: Hadrami Chronicles (Oxford: Clarendon, 1963) P. 43.

Ehrenkreutz. P. 338-339.

Charles E. Nowell. «The Historical Prester John». Speculum, 28:3 (July 1953). P. 434-445.

Robert Silverberg. In the Realm of Prester John (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1972). P. 3-7, quote, 45.

Ibid. P. 43.

Ibid. P. 2.

Pearson. P.83.

Dana B. Durand. Review of Precursori di Colombo? Il tentativo di viaggio transoceanio dei genovesi fratelli Vivaldi nel 1291 by Alberto Magnaghi, Geographical Review, 26:3 (July 1936). P. 525-526.

Felipe Fernandez-Armesto. Columbus (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 191). P. 9.

J. H. Plumb, Introduction, in С R. Boxer, The Portuguese Sea borne Empire, P. xxxvi.

Silverberg. P. 194-195.

Boxer. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire. P. 28-29.

Howe. P. 105.

Samuel Eliot Morison. Admiral of the Ocean Sea (Boston: Little, Brown, 1970). P. 24-26,41.

Ibid. P. 33-34, 64.

Сравнительный анализ историографии побудительных мотивов Колумба см. Cecil Jane. Select Documents Illustrating the Four Voyages of Christopher Columbus (London: Hakluyt Society, 1930). P. xiii-cl.

C. Varela, ed. Crisobal Colon: Textos у documentos completos (Madrid: 1984) P. 256, quoted in Fernandes-Armesto, 134.

Quoted in Fernandez-Armesto. P. 97.

Ibid. P. 54-108.

Zweig. P. 26.

Acemogluetal. P. 1231-1294.

A.R. Disney. Twilight of the Pepper Empire (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1978) P. 21.

Boxer. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire. P. 20-22.

Morison. P. 368-374.

M. N. Pearson. «India and the Indian Ocean in the Sixteenth Century» in India and the Indian Ocean. P. 78.

Рутейру. Введение.

Там же. Река Добрых Знаков.

Там же. Мозамбик.

Там же.

Там же. Момбаса.

Там же. Малинди.

Sanjay Subrahmanyam, The Career and Legend of Vasco da Gama (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977). P. 121-128.

Рутейру. Каликут.

Там же.

Там же.

Там же.

Там же. Царь посылает за Диогу Диашем.

Там же. Через Аравийское море.

Earl J. Hamilton. «American Treasure and the Rise of Capitalism». Economica 27 (November 1929). P. 348.

Boxer, The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 206.

William Brooks Greenlee, trans. The Voyage of Pedro Shares Cabral to Brazil and India (London: Hakluyt Society, 1938). P. xxiii- xxviii, 83-85.

Quoted in Subrahmanyam. P. 205.

Ibid. P. 214.

Ibid. P. 215.

Boxer. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire. P. xxiii.